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奈米生技(Nanobiotech)技術
-- 美國關鍵專利
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Nanobiotech - Key
Patents （資料來源：Nanobiotech News 22 April 2003 ~ 04 Jul 2004）
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Page 1 of 1
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Title |
Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor |
| US. Patent |
6767702 (Jul 27, 2004) |
| Assignee |
Nanosphere, Inc. |
| Abstract |
The invention provides methods of detecting a nucleic acid. The methods comprise contacting the nucleic acid with one or more types of particles having oligonucleotides attached thereto. In one embodiment of the method, the oligonucleotides are attached to nanoparticles and have sequences complementary to portions of the sequence of the nucleic acid. A detectable change (preferably a color change) is brought about as a result of the hybridization of the oligonucleotides on the nanoparticles to the nucleic acid. The invention also provides compositions and kits comprising particles. The invention further provides methods of synthesizing unique nanoparticle-oligonucleotide conjugates, the conjugates produced by the methods, and methods of using the conjugates. In addition, the invention provides nanomaterials and nanostructures comprising nanoparticles and methods of nanofabrication utilizing nanoparticles. Finally, the invention provides a method of separating a selected nucleic acid from other nucleic acids. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
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Title |
Magnetic nanoparticles having biochemical activity, method for the production thereof and their use |
| US. Patent |
6767635 (Jul 27, 2004) |
| Assignee |
Biomedical Apherese Systeme GmbH , Jena, Germany |
| Abstract |
The invention relates to magnetic nanoparticles, their production, and their use.The object of the invention is to provide nanoparticles capable of specifically forming bonds to intracellular biomacromolecules even in the intracellular region of cells, so that separation is possible by exposure to an exterior magnetic field.This is accomplished by means of magnetic nanoparticles having biochemical activity, consisting of a magnetic core particle and an envelope layer fixed to the core particle, and including a compound of general formula M-S-L-Z (I), the linkage sites between S and L and L and Z having covalently bound functional groups, whereinM represents said magnetic core particle;S represents a biocompatible substrate fixed to M;L represents a linker group; andZ represents a group comprised of nucleic acids, peptides or proteins or derivatives thereof, which group has at least one structure capable of specifically binding to a binding domain of an intracellular biomacromolecule. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
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Title |
Compositions and methods for enhancing bioassay performance |
| US. Patent |
6773928 (Aug 10, 2004) |
| Assignee |
The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Army |
| Abstract |
Compositions of matter and methods for enhancing bioassay performance are disclosed. More particularly, the composition of matter comprises a molecularly compact polymer-ligand conjugate capable of self-orienting on a surface to improve the orientation of the ligand/receptor binding domains within the bioassay at the nanoscopic level. In a preferred embodiment, the molecularly compact polymer comprises a dendrimer polymer such as a fifth generation polyamidoamine dendrimer having exterior surface hydroxyl and amine functional groups, and the ligand/receptor comprises an antibody or Fab. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
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Title |
Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor |
| US. Patent |
6777186 (Aug 17, 2004) |
| Assignee |
Nanosphere, Inc. |
| Abstract |
The invention provides methods of detecting a nucleic acid. The methods comprise contacting the nucleic acid with one or more types of particles having oligonucleotides attached thereto. In one embodiment of the method, the oligonucleotides are attached to nanoparticles and have sequences complementary to portions of the sequence of the nucleic acid. A detectable change (preferably a color change) is brought about as a result of the hybridization of the oligonucleotides on the nanoparticles to the nucleic acid. The invention also provides compositions and kits comprising particles. The invention further provides methods of synthesizing unique nanoparticle-oligonucleotide conjugates, the conjugates produced by the methods, and methods of using the conjugates. In addition, the invention provides nanomaterials and nanostructures comprising nanoparticles and methods of nanofabrication utilizing nanoparticles. Finally, the invention provides a method of separating a selected nucleic acid from other nucleic acids. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
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Title |
Electronic systems and component devices for macroscopic and microscopic molecular biological reactions, analyses and diagnostics |
| US. Patent |
6780584 (Aug 24, 2004) |
| Assignee |
Nanogen, Inc. |
| Abstract |
This invention pertains to the design, fabrication, and uses of an electronic system which can actively carry out and control multi-step and multiplex reactions in macroscopic or microscopic formats. In particular, these reactions include molecular biological reactions, such as nucleic acid hybridizations, nucleic acid amplification, sample preparation, antibody/antigen reactions, clinical diagnostics, combinatorial chemistry and selection, drug screening, oligonucleotide and nucleic acid synthesis, peptide synthesis, biopolymer synthesis and catalytic reactions. A key feature of the present invention is the ability to control the localized concentration of two or more reaction-dependant molecules and their reaction environment in order to greatly enhance the rate and specificity of the molecular biological reaction. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
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Title |
Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides
attached thereto and uses therefor |
| US.
Patent |
6,750,016 (Jun
15, 2004) |
| Assignee |
Nanosphere, Inc. |
| Abstract |
The
invention provides methods of detecting a nucleic acid.
The methods comprise contacting the nucleic acid with
one or more types of particles having oligonucleotides
attached thereto. In one embodiment of the method, the
oligonucleotides are attached to nanoparticles and have
sequences complementary to portions of the sequence of
the nucleic acid. A detectable change (preferably a color
change) is brought about as a result of the hybridization
of the oligonucleotides on the nanoparticles to the nucleic
acid. The invention also provides compositions and kits
comprising particles. The invention further provides methods
of synthesizing unique nanoparticle-oligonucleotide conjugates,
the conjugates produced by the methods, and methods of
using the conjugates. In addition, the invention provides
nanomaterials and nanostructures comprising nanoparticles
and methods of nanofabrication utilizing nanoparticles.
Finally, the invention provides a method of separating
a selected nucleic acid from other nucleic acids.F |
| 專利全文說明書 |
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Title |
Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached
thereto and uses therefor |
| US.
Patent |
6,759,199 (Jul
06, 2004) |
| Assignee |
Nanosphere, Inc. |
| Abstract |
The
invention provides methods of detecting a nucleic acid.
The methods comprise contacting the nucleic acid with
one or more types of particles having oligonucleotides
attached thereto. In one embodiment of the method, the
oligonucleotides are attached to nanoparticles and have
sequences complementary to portions of the sequence of
the nucleic acid. A detectable change (preferably a color
change) is brought about as a result of the hybridization
of the oligonucleotides on the nanoparticles to the nucleic
acid. The invention also provides compositions and kits
comprising particles. The invention further provides methods
of synthesizing unique nanoparticle-oligonucleotide conjugates,
the conjugates produced by the methods, and methods of
using the conjugates. In addition, the invention provides
nanomaterials and nanostructures comprising nanoparticles
and methods of nanofabrication utilizing nanoparticles.
Finally, the invention provides a method of separating
a selected nucleic acid from other nucleic acids. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
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Title |
Devices and methods for
enhanced microneedle penetration of biological barriers
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| US.
Patent |
6,743,211 (Jun
01, 2004) |
| Assignee |
Georgia Tech Research Corporation |
| Abstract |
Microneedle
devices and methods of use thereof are provided for the
enhanced transport of molecules, including drugs and biological
molecules, across tissue by improving the interaction
of microneedles and a deformable, elastic biological barrier,
such as human skin. The devices and methods act to (1)
limit the elasticity, (2) adapt to the elasticity, (3)
utilize alternate ways of creating the holes for the microneedles
to penetrate the biological barrier, other than the simply
direct pressure of the microneedle substrate to the barrier
surface, or (4) any combination of these methods. In preferred
embodiments for limiting the elasticity of skin, the microneedle
device includes features suitable for stretching, pulling,
or pinching the skin to present a more rigid, less deformable,
surface in the area to which the microneedles are applied
(i.e. penetrate). In a preferred embodiments for adapting
the device to the elasticity of skin, the device comprising
one or more extensions interposed between the substrate
and the base end of at least a portion of the microneedles.
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| 專利全文說明書 |
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Title |
Self assembling proteins
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| US.
Patent |
6,756,039 (Jun
29, 2004) |
| Assignee |
The Regents of the University of California |
| Abstract |
Novel
fusion proteins capable of self-assembling into regular
structures, as well as nucleic acids encoding the same,
are provided. The subject fusion proteins comprise at
least two oligomerization domains rigidly linked together,
e.g. through an alpha helical linking group. Also provided
are regular structures comprising a plurality of self-assembled
fusion proteins of the subject invention, and methods
for producing the same. The subject fusion proteins find
use in the preparation of a variety of nanostructures,
where such structures include: cages, shells, double-layer
rings, two-dimensional layers, three-dimensional crystals,
filaments, and tubes. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
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Title |
Paclitaxel-containing formulations |
| US.
Patent |
6,753,006 (Jun
22, 2004) |
| Assignee |
American BioScience, Inc. |
| Abstract |
In accordance with the present invention, there are
provided compositions and methods useful for the in vivo
delivery of a pharmaceutically active agent, wherein the
agent is associated with a polymeric biocompatible material.
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| 專利全文說明書 |
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Title |
Collagen or collagen-like
peptide containing polymeric matrices |
| US.
Patent |
6,753,311 (Jun
22, 2004) |
| Assignee |
Drexel University |
| Abstract |
Tissue
engineering scaffolds comprising collagen or a collagen-like
peptides incorporated within or between polymeric fibers
and methods for their production are provided. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
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Title |
Electrospun fibers and an apparatus therefor
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| US.
Patent |
6,753,454 (Jun
22, 2004) |
| Assignee |
The University of Akron |
| Abstract |
A
novel fiber comprising a substantially homogeneous mixture
of a hydrophilic polymer and a polymer which is at least
weakly hydrophobic is disclosed. The fiber optionally
contains a pH adjusting compound. A method of making the
fiber comprises electrospinning fibers of the substantially
homogeneous polymer solution. A method of treating a wound
or other area of a patient requiring protection from contamination
comprises electrospinning the substantially homogeneous
polymer solution to form a dressing. An apparatus for
electrospinning a wound dressing is discosed. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
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Title |
Methods and apparatus
for detecting variants utilizing base stacking |
| US.
Patent |
6,753,148 (Jun
22, 2004) |
| Assignee |
Nanogen, Inc. |
| Abstract |
Methods
and apparatus are provided for the analysis and determination
of the nature of repeat units in a genetic target. In
one method of this invention, the nature of the repeat
units in the genetic target is determined by the steps
of providing a plurality of hybridization complex assays
arrayed on a plurality of test sites, where the hybridization
complex assay includes at least a nucleic acid target
containing a simple repetitive DNA sequence, a capture
probe having a first unique flanking sequence and n repeat
units, where n=0,1,2 . . . , or fractions thereof, being
complementary to the target sequence, and a reporter probe
having a selected sequence complementary to the same target
sequence strand wherein the selected sequence of the reporter
includes a second unique flanking sequence and m repeat
units, where m=0,1,2 . . . , or fractions thereof, but
where the sum of repeat units in the capture probe plus
reporter probe is greater than 0 (n+m>0). Concordance
and discordance among the hybridization complex assays
at the test sites is determined at least in part by hybridization
stability. Electronic stringency control may be utilized.
Applications include paternity testing, forensic use,
and disease diagnostics, such as for the identification
of the existence of a clonal tumor. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
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Title |
Design and planning system for improving
the survival rate of injected structures |
| US.
Patent |
6,749,833 (Jun
15, 2004) |
| Assignee |
BresaGen Limited |
| Abstract |
The
present invention includes a method for evaluating the
acceptability of a device for the delivery of cells in
a cell implantation therapy comprising: determining a
first rate of cell survival in a stable environment, evaluating
a second rate of survival during a procedure using a device
that manipulates cells, and comparing the first and second
rates of survival to determine the effect of the device
used during the procedure on cell survival rates to establish
a base line effect of the manipulative procedure on cell
survivability. That method may be practiced wherein after
determining the second survival rate, modifying the design
of the device, evaluating a third rate of survival after
modifying the design of the device to determine if the
change has increased the rate of survival during the procedure.
The method is particularly effective where the procedure
is selected from the group consisting of cell harvesting,
cell transport, cell implantation, and cell delivery.
The procedure may include, for example, a peristalsis
process for movement of cells during the procedure or
a bolus flow of cells for movement of cells during the
procedure. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
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Title |
Methods for delivering
compounds into a cell |
| US.
Patent |
6,743,779 (Jun
01, 2004) |
| Assignee |
ImaRx Pharmaceutical Corp. |
| Abstract |
The
present invention is directed, inter alia, to a method
for delivering a compound into a cell comprising administering
to the cell the compound to be delivered, an organic halide,
and/or a carrier. Ultrasound may also be applied, if desired.
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| 專利全文說明書 |
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Title |
Apparatus and method for
fabricating arrays of atomic-scale contacts and gaps between
electrodes and applications thereof |
| US.
Patent |
6,737,286 (May 18, 2004) |
| Assignee |
Arizona Board of Regents |
| Abstract |
A
method for forming atomic-scale contacts and atomic-scale
gaps between two electrodes is disclosed. The method provides
for applying a voltage between two electrodes in a circuit
with a resistor. The applied voltage etches metal ions
off one electrode and deposits the metal ions onto the
second electrode. The metal ions are deposited on the
sharpest point of the second electrode, causing the second
electrode to grow towards the first electrode until an
atomic-scale contact is formed. By increasing the magnitude
of the resistor, the etching and deposition process will
terminate prior to contact, forming an atomic-scale gap.
The atomic-scale contacts and gaps formed according to
this method are useful as a variety of nanosensors including
chemical sensors, biosensors, hydrogen ion sensors, heavy
metal ion sensors, magnetoresistive sensors, and molecular
switches. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
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Title |
Surface-mineralized spinal implants |
| US.
Patent |
6,736,849 (May 18, 2004) |
| Assignee |
DePuy Products, Inc. |
| Abstract |
A
spinal implant is provided to integrate with and support
vertebrae in a vertebral column. The spinal implant includes
a body and a mineralized, bioactive surface coating chemically
bonded to a portion of the body. The coating includes
a non-hydroxyl containing carbonated calcium phosphate
bone mineral nano-crystalline apatite with chemically
adsorbed water having a crystal size less than about 1
μm. The body of the spinal implant is ring-shaped and
defines a central passageway. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
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Title |
Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached
thereto and uses therefor |
| US.
Patent |
6,730,269 (May 04, 2004) |
| Assignee |
Nanosphere, Inc. |
| Abstract |
The
invention provides methods of detecting a nucleic acid.
The methods comprise contacting the nucleic acid with
one or more types of particles having oligonucleotides
attached thereto. In one embodiment of the method, the
oligonucleotides are attached to nanoparticles and have
sequences complementary to portions of the sequence of
the nucleic acid. A detectable change (preferably a color
change) is brought about as a result of the hybridization
of the oligonucleotides on the nanoparticles to the nucleic
acid. The invention also provides compositions and kits
comprising particles. The invention further provides methods
of synthesizing unique nanoparticle-oligonucleotide conjugates,
the conjugates produced by the methods, and methods of
using the conjugates. In addition, the invention provides
nanomaterials and nanostructures comprising nanoparticles
and methods of nanofabrication utilizing nanoparticles.
Finally, the invention provides a method of separating
a selected nucleic acid from other nucleic acids. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
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Title |
Nano-engineered phosphors
and related nanotechnology |
| US.
Patent |
6,726,992 (Apr 27, 2004) |
| Assignee |
NanoProducts Corporation |
| Abstract |
Dispersed
phosphor powders are disclosed that comprise nanoscale
powders dispersed on coarser carrier powders. The composition
of the dispersed fine powders may be oxides, carbides,
nitrides, borides, chalcogenides, metals, and alloys.
Such powders are useful in various applications such as
lamps, cathode ray tubes, field emission displays, plasma
display panels, scintillators, X-ray detectors, IR detectors,
UV detectors and laser detectors. Nano-dispersed phosphor
powders can also be used in printing inks, or dispersed
in plastics to prevent forgery and counterfeiting of currency,
original works of art, passports, credit cards, bank checks,
and other documents or products. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
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Title |
System and method for manipulating nanotubes |
| US.
Patent |
6,723,299 (Apr 20, 2004) |
| Assignee |
Zyvex Corporation |
| Abstract |
A system and method are disclosed which allow for manipulation
of nanotubes. More specifically, embodiments of the present
invention enable various types of manipulation of nanotubes
utilizing an organic material that is presented to the
nanotubes. For example, a preferred embodiment of the
present invention enables cutting of nanotubes into shortened
nanotubes. Other types of nanotube manipulation that are
enabled by embodiments of the present invention, include
dispersing nanotubes, enabling dissolution of nanotubes,
and noncovalently fuctionalizing nanotubes. The organic
material utilized in manipulating nanotubes preferably
comprises a soft organic material, soluble organic material,
and/or an organic material that acts as a dispersing reagent
for dispersing nanotubes. In a preferred embodiment, the
organic material utilized for manipulating nanotubes comprises
cyclodextrin. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
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Title |
Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides
attached thereto and uses therefor |
| US.
Patent |
6,720,411
(Apr 13, 2004) |
| Assignee |
Nanosphere, Inc. |
| Abstract |
The
invention provides methods of detecting a nucleic acid.
The methods comprise contacting the nucleic acid with
one or more types of particles having oligonucleotides
attached thereto. In one embodiment of the method, the
oligonucleotides are attached to nanoparticles and have
sequences complementary to portions of the sequence of
the nucleic acid. A detectable change (preferably a color
change) is brought about as a result of the hybridization
of the oligonucleotides on the nanoparticles to the nucleic
acid. The invention also provides compositions and kits
comprising particles. The invention further provides methods
of synthesizing unique nanoparticle-oligonucleotide conjugates,
the conjugates produced by the methods, and methods of
using the conjugates. In addition, the invention provides
nanomaterials and nanostructures comprising nanoparticles
and methods of nanofabrication utilizing nanoparticles.
Finally, the invention provides a method of separating
a selected nucleic acid from other nucleic acids.
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| 專利全文說明書 |
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Title |
Chips having elevated sample surfaces |
| US.
Patent |
6,720,157
(Apr 13, 2004) |
| Assignee |
Zyomyx, Inc. |
| Abstract |
A
chip is disclosed. The chip includes a base including
a non-sample surface and at least one structure includes
a pillar. Each structure includes a sample surface that
is elevated with respect to the non-sample surface and
each structure may be adapted to receive a sample. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
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Title |
Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides
attached thereto and uses therefor |
| US.
Patent |
6,720,147
(Apr 13, 2004) |
| Assignee |
Nanosphere, Inc. |
| Abstract |
The
invention provides methods of detecting a nucleic acid.
The methods comprise contacting the nucleic acid with
one or more types of particles having oligonucleotides
attached thereto. In one embodiment of the method, the
oligonucleotides are attached to nanoparticles and have
sequences complementary to portions of the sequence of
the nucleic acid. A detectable change (preferably a color
change) is brought about as a result of the hybridization
of the oligonucleotides on the nanoparticles to the nucleic
acid. The invention also provides compositions and kits
comprising particles. The invention further provides methods
of synthesizing unique nanoparticle-oligonucleotide conjugates,
the conjugates produced by the methods, and methods of
using the conjugates. In addition, the invention provides
nanomaterials and nanostructures comprising nanoparticles
and methods of nanofabrication utilizing nanoparticles.
Finally, the invention provides a method of separating
a selected nucleic acid from other nucleic acids.
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| 專利全文說明書 |
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Title |
Carbon nanotube flow sensor device and method |
| US.
Patent |
6,718,834
(Apr 13, 2004) |
| Assignee |
Indian Institute of Science |
| Abstract |
A method and device for measuring the flow
of a liquid utilizes at least one carbon nanotube. More
particularly, the velocity of a liquid along the direction
of the flow is measured as a function of the current/voltage
generated in at least one carbon nanotube due to the flow
of the liquid along its surface. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
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Title |
Electromagnetic interference immune tissue
invasive system |
| US.
Patent |
6,718,207
(Apr 06, 2004) |
| Assignee |
Biophan Technologies, Inc. |
| Abstract |
An electromagnetic immune tissue invasive
system includes a primary device housing. The primary
device housing having a control circuit therein. A shielding
is formed around the primary device housing to shield
the primary device housing and any circuits therein from
electromagnetic interference. A lead system transmits
and receives signals between the primary device housing.
The lead system is either a fiber optic system or an electrically
shielded electrical lead system. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
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Title |
Electromagnetic interference immune tissue
invasive system |
| US.
Patent |
6,718,203
(Apr 06, 2004) |
| Assignee |
Biophan Technologies, Inc. |
| Abstract |
An electromagnetic immune tissue invasive
system includes a primary device housing. The primary
device housing having a control circuit therein. A shielding
is formed around the primary device housing to shield
the primary device housing and any circuits therein from
electromagnetic interference. A lead system transmits
and receives signals between the primary device housing.
The lead system is either a fiber optic system or an electrically
shielded electrical lead system. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
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Title |
Free-form fabrication using multi-photon
excitation |
| US.
Patent |
6,713,772
(Mar 30, 2004) |
| Assignee |
The University of Connecticut |
| Abstract |
A method wherein small, two- or three-dimensional
structures are formed by multiple-photon-absorbed photopolymerization
and/or cross-linking of a precursor composition. Use of
multi-photon excitation allows fabrication of structures
and structural features having at least one dimension
of less than about one micron, preferably less than about
500 nm, more preferably less than about 250 nm, and most
preferably of less than about 100 nm, in bulk phase as
well as in solution, and from a wide variety of organic
and inorganic precursor subunits, including synthetic
polymers and biological polymers such as proteins, lipids,
oligonucleotides, and the like. In one embodiment, use
of two-photon far field optics allows the formation of
structures having X-Y dimensions of less than about 300
nm and a Z dimension of less than about 500 nm, while
use of three-photon far field optics allows the formation
of structures having X-Y dimensions of less than about
250 nm and a Z dimension of less than about 300 nm. In
a particularly preferred embodiment, use of a 4 pi optical
configuration in combination with two-photon far field
excitation allows the formation of structures having X-Y
dimensions of less than about 150 nm and a Z dimension
of less than about 100 nm. In another embodiment, use
of multi-photon near field optics results in the formation
of structures having X, Y, and Z dimensions of less than
about 50 nm. In this embodiment, near field fabrication
is achieved by two-photon excitation through fiber probes. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
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Title |
Nanocapsules and method of production thereof |
| US.
Patent |
6,713,533 (Mar
30, 2004) |
| Assignee |
Novosom AG |
| Abstract |
The invention relates to nanocapsules with
a size ranging between 50 nm and 10 μm diameter whose
envelope layer consists of at least two different, cross-linked
polymers P1 and P2. Optionally, a lipid layer may be present
underneath said envelope layer. The inventive nanocapsules
are produced by covalently cross-linking at least two
different water-soluble polymers P1 and P2 on the surface
of liposomes. Optionally, the liposomes are dissolved
once the polymers are cross-linked. The inventive nanocapsules
can carry biologically active compounds. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
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Title |
MRI-compatible medical device with passive
generation of optical sensing signals |
| US.
Patent |
6,711,440 (Mar
23, 2004) |
| Assignee |
Biophan Technologies, Inc. |
| Abstract |
An optical sense signal generator for medical
device's having a photonic catheter containing optical
conductors conducting light energy in two directions between
electronics at a catheter proximal end and electrical
stimulation and sensing components at a catheter distal
end. An optical unit receives light delivered from the
catheter proximal end and transmits a first portion of
the light while diverting a second portion of the light.
The transmitted light is fed to an opto-electrical converter
for conversion into electrical stimulation signals. The
diverted light is directed to one or more optical modulators
that modulate the diverted light output under an applied
electrical signal. An electrical circuit generates electrical
sense signals corresponding to one or more sensed physiological
conditions and provides the signals to the optical modulator(s).
This results in modulation of the diverted light output
into optical sense signals that are transmitted to the
catheter proximal end. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
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Title |
Optical-based sensing devices |
| US.
Patent |
6,711,423 (Mar
23, 2004) |
| Assignee |
Sensors for Medicine and Science, Inc. |
| Abstract |
An optical-based sensor for detecting the
presence or amount of an analyte using both indicator
and reference channels. The sensor has a sensor body with
a source of radiation embedded therein. Radiation emitted
by the source interacts with indicator membrane indicator
molecules proximate the surface of the body. At least
one optical characteristic of these indicator molecules
varies with analyte concentration. For example, the level
of fluorescence of fluorescent indicator molecules or
the amount of light absorbed by light-absorbing indicator
molecules can vary as a function of analyte concentration.
In addition, radiation emitted by the source also interacts
with reference membrane indicator molecules proximate
the surface of the body. Radiation (e.g., light) emitted
or reflected by these indicator molecules enters and is
internally reflected in the sensor body. Photosensitive
elements within the sensor body generate both indicator
channel and reference channel signals to provide an accurate
indication of the concentration of the analyte. Preferred
embodiments are totally self-contained and are sized and
shaped for use in vivo in a human being. Such embodiments
preferably include a power source, e.g. an inductor, which
powers the source of radiation using external means, as
well as a transmitter, e.g. an inductor, to transmit to
external pickup means the signal representing the level
of analyte. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
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Title |
Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached
thereto and uses therefor |
| US.
Patent |
6,709,825 (Mar
23, 2004) |
| Assignee |
Nanosphere, Inc. |
| Abstract |
The invention provides methods of detecting
a nucleic acid. The methods comprise contacting the nucleic
acid with one or more types of particles having oligonucleotides
attached thereto. In one embodiment of the method, the
oligonucleotides are attached to nanoparticles and have
sequences complementary to portions of the sequence of
the nucleic acid. A detectable change (preferably a color
change) is brought about as a result of the hybridization
of the oligonucleotides on the nanoparticles to the nucleic
acid. The invention also provides compositions and kits
comprising particles. The invention further provides methods
of synthesizing unique nanoparticle-oligonucleotide conjugates,
the conjugates produced by the methods, and methods of
using the conjugates. In addition, the invention provides
nanomaterials and nanostructures comprising nanoparticles
and methods of nanofabrication utilizing nanoparticles.
Finally, the invention provides a method of separating
a selected nucleic acid from other nucleic acids. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
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|
Title |
Systems and devices for photoelectrophoretic transport
and hybridization of oligonucleotides |
| US. Patent |
6,706,473 (Mar 16,
2004) |
| Assignee |
Nanogen, Inc. |
| Abstract |
A platform for photoelectrophoretic transport and
electronic hybridization of fluorescence labeled DNA oligonucleotides
in a low conductivity electrolyte is described. A chemically
stabilized semiconductor photodiode or photoconductor surface
is coated with a streptavidin-agarose permeation layer. Micro-illumination
of the surface generates photo-electrochemical currents that
are used to electrophoretically transport and attach capture
strands, preferably biotinylated DNA, to arbitrarily selected
locations. The same process is then used to transport and electronically
hybridize fluorescence labeled DNA target strands to the previously
attached capture strands. Signal detection is accomplished either
by a fluorescence scanner or a CCD camera. This represents a
flexible electronic DNA assay platform that need not rely on
pre-patterned microelectronic arrays. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
|
|
Title |
Comparative phenotype analysis for assessment
of biological active compounds such as antimicrobials |
| US.
Patent |
6,696,239 (Feb
24, 2004) |
| Assignee |
Biolog, Inc. |
| Abstract |
The present invention relates to using multitest
panels to improve the effectiveness, throughput, and efficiency
of testing and commercial development of biologically
active compounds, in particular those useful in human,
animal, and plant health. In particular, the present invention
provides phenotype microarrays suitable for testing biologically
active compounds for their potential application in clinical,
veterinary, and plant health. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
|
|
|
Title |
Nanosyringe array and method |
| US.
Patent |
6,686,299 (Feb
03, 2004) |
| Assignee |
None |
| Abstract |
A nanosyringe is constructed using micro
fabrication and nano fabrication techniques on a silicon
substrate. The nanosyringe includes a membrane of silicon
carbide. The position and operation of individual nanosyringes,
arranged in an array of nanosyringes, can be independently
controlled. A nanosyringe array can inject or extract
a fluid from one or more cells or other structures. Microfluidic
structures coupled to the nanosyringe allow external pumping
or extraction. A cell matrix or organelles of individual
cells can be non-destructively sampled in real time. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
|
|
|
Title |
Tandem isotachophoresis/zone electrophoresis
method and system |
| US.
Patent |
6,685,813 (Feb
03, 2004) |
| Assignee |
Aclara Biosciences, Inc. |
| Abstract |
A method of separating components having
a given negative or positive charge and contained in a
sample is disclosed. The method involves, in one embodiment,
loading a microchannel with a sample, placed between a
trailing-edge electrolyte having a selected concentration
of a titratable species, and a leading-edge electrolyte.
With the application of a voltage potential across the
microchannel, charged components in the sample stack by
isotachophoresis, and electrolytic hydroxyl or hydrogen
ions formed by electrolysis at the upstream-end electrode
migrate into the trailing-edge ion buffer, titrating the
titratable species therein, where the concentration of
the titratable species in the trailing-edge electrolyte
is selected, in relation to the lengths of the upstream
channel region and sample-loading volume, to permit the
sample to stack into a relatively small sample volume
before electrolytic-ion migration from the upstream electrode
into and through the sample-volume region is effective
to overtake the charged sample components. With continued
application of an electric potential across the channel
ends, charged sample components in the stacked sample
volume separate by zone electrophoresis. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
|
|
|
Title |
Biodegradable and/or bioabsorbable fibrous
articles and methods for using the articles for medical
applications |
| US.
Patent |
6,685,956 (Feb
03, 2004) |
| Assignee |
The Research Foundation at State University of New York |
| Abstract |
Biodegradable and/or bioabsorable fibrous
articles and methods for using the articles in medical
applications are disclosed. The biodegradable and/or bioabsorable
fibrous articles, which are formed by elctrospinning fibers
of biodegradable and/or bioabsorbable fiberizable material,
comprise a composite (or asymmetric composite) of different
biodegradable and/or bioabsorbable fibers. Articles having
specific medical uses include an adhesion-reducing barrier
and a controlled delivery system. The methods include
methods for reducing surgical adhesions, controlled delivery
of a medicinal agent and providing controlled tissue healing. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
|
|
|
Title |
Addressable biologic electrode array |
| US.
Patent |
6,682,936 (Jan
27, 2004) |
| Assignee |
Nanogen, Inc. |
| Abstract |
A biologic electrode array assembly is formed
on an integrated circuit chip that includes an array of
electrodes. At least one metal oxide semiconductor (MOS)
switch is coupled to at least one of the electrodes within
the array. A voltage line is provided that is selectively
connected to the at least one electrode via the MOS switch.
A voltage source is coupled to the voltage line. In one
preferred aspect of the invention, the MOS switch is a
CMOS switch. In another aspect of the invention, an addressable
memory is associated with the at least one electrode located
within the array. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
|
|
|
Title |
Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached
thereto and uses therefor |
| US.
Patent |
6,682,895 (Jan
27, 2004) |
| Assignee |
Nanosphere, Inc. |
| Abstract |
The invention provides methods of detecting
a nucleic acid. The methods comprise contacting the nucleic
acid with one or more types of particles having oligonucleotides
attached thereto. In one embodiment of the method, the
oligonucleotides are attached to nanoparticles and have
sequences complementary to portions of the sequence of
the nucleic acid. A detectable change (preferably a color
change) is brought about as a result of the hybridization
of the oligonucleotides on the nanoparticles to the nucleic
acid. The invention also provides compositions and kits
comprising particles. The invention further provides methods
of synthesizing unique nanoparticle-oligonucleotide conjugates,
the conjugates produced by the methods, and methods of
using the conjugates. In addition, the invention provides
nanomaterials and nanostructures comprising nanoparticles
and methods of nanofabrication utilizing nanoparticles.
Finally, the invention provides a method of separating
a selected nucleic acid from other nucleic acids. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
|
|
|
Title |
Microfluidic viscometer |
| US.
Patent |
6,681,616 (Jan
27, 2004) |
| Assignee |
Caliper Technologies Corp. |
| Abstract |
Microfluidic devices, systems, and methods
measure viscosity, flow times, and/or other flow characteristics
within the channels, and the measured flow characteristics
can be used to generate a desired flow. Multi-reservoir
pressure modulator and pressure controller systems, electrokinetic
systems and/or other fluid transport mechanisms can generate
the flow, controllably mix fluids, and the like. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
|
|
|
Title |
Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached
thereto and uses therefor |
| US.
Patent |
6,677,122 (Jan
13, 2004) |
| Assignee |
Nanosphere, Inc. |
| Abstract |
The invention provides methods of detecting
a nucleic acid. The methods comprise contacting the nucleic
acid with one or more types of particles having oligonucleotides
attached thereto. In one embodiment of the method, the
oligonucleotides are attached to nanoparticles and have
sequences complementary to portions of the sequence of
the nucleic acid. A detectable change (preferably a color
change) is brought about as a result of the hybridization
of the oligonucleotides on the nanoparticles to the nucleic
acid. The invention also provides compositions and kits
comprising particles. The invention further provides methods
of synthesizing unique nanoparticle-oligonucleotide conjugates,
the conjugates produced by the methods, and methods of
using the conjugates. In addition, the invention provides
nanomaterials and nanostructures comprising nanoparticles
and methods of nanofabrication utilizing nanoparticles.
Finally, the invention provides a method of separating
a selected nucleic acid from other nucleic acids. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
|
|
|
Title |
Method for gene therapy using nucleic acid
loaded polymeric microparticles |
| US.
Patent |
6,677,313 (Jan
13, 2004) |
| Assignee |
Brown University Research Foundation |
| Abstract |
The invention involves methods and products
for oral gene therapy. Genes under the control of promoters
are protectively contained in microparticles and delivered
to cells in operative form, thereby obtaining noninvasive
gene delivery for gene therapy. |
| 專利全文說明書 |
|
|
|
Title |
Magnetically shielded assembly |
| | | |
